如:
afraid alive alone alike ashamed
awake aware asleep afire
例句: This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in, a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of 80 European television networks, no less than 50 took a loss in 1989. (2005年第48題)
分析: 該句是復(fù)合句,含有多個(gè)從句,a fact underlined by statistics that后接一定語(yǔ)從句,show后又接一賓語(yǔ)從句,其中no less than可譯為“不少于,至少”;take a loss 譯為“虧本,賠本”。
譯文: 僅這一點(diǎn)就足以證明,要在電視行業(yè)里生存下來(lái)并非易事,統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字尤其說(shuō)明了這一事實(shí): 在歐洲國(guó)家的80個(gè)電視網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,多達(dá)一半的公司在1989年虧損。
2. 作定語(yǔ)的形容詞一般用作前置修飾語(yǔ),但在下列情況中,形容詞作后置定語(yǔ)。
(1)名詞詞組的中心詞為some,any,no等構(gòu)成的合成詞。
例句: I'd say whenever you are going after something belonging to you, anyone who is depriving you of the right to have it is criminal. (1997年第21題)
分析: 該句是復(fù)合句,從句who is depriving you of the right to have it作anyone的定語(yǔ),whenever you are going after something belonging to you作say的賓語(yǔ)從句中的狀語(yǔ)。
譯文: 我想說(shuō)無(wú)論什么時(shí)候當(dāng)你追求某種屬于你的東西時(shí),任何想剝奪你擁有它的權(quán)利的人都是在犯罪。
(2)帶有不定式、介詞短語(yǔ)等的形容詞短語(yǔ)。
例句: Any student careful enough to take the exam is sure to succeed in the end.
分析: 該句是簡(jiǎn)單句,careful enough to take the exam 作定語(yǔ)修飾student。
譯文: 參加考試的任何一位學(xué)生只要足夠細(xì)心最終就一定會(huì)取得成功。
(3)某些形容詞作后置定語(yǔ)。
present,available,involved,concerned,martial(軍事的),general,proper等作后置定語(yǔ),如:
the member present (出席的成員)
court martial (軍事法庭)
Secretary General (秘書長(zhǎng))
例句: I was unaware of the critical points involved, so my choice was quite arbitrary. (1998年第37題)
分析: 該句是復(fù)合句。
譯文: 我沒有意識(shí)到問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵所在,因此我的抉擇十分武斷。
例句: There were many people present and he appeared only for a few seconds, so I only caught a glimpse of him. (1998年第22題)
分析: 該句是復(fù)合句。
譯文: 來(lái)的人很多,而他只到場(chǎng)一會(huì)兒,所以我只見了他一眼。
3. 表度量的形容詞。
例句: There is a heavily polluted river 100 meters long in front of our small playground.
分析: 該句是簡(jiǎn)單句。
譯文: 我們小操場(chǎng)前有一條長(zhǎng)100米被嚴(yán)重污染的河。
4. 形容詞并列用作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的位置。
限定詞→數(shù)量(序數(shù)前、基數(shù)后)→形狀→大小、長(zhǎng)短、高低等度量→新舊→顏色→國(guó)籍→ 材料
例句: I have never seen these beautiful round multi colored Chinese cloisonne(景泰藍(lán)) vases in my first three years in China.
分析: 該句是簡(jiǎn)單句。
譯文: 在中國(guó)的最初三年中,我從來(lái)沒有見過(guò)這些顏色各異的圓形中式景泰藍(lán)花瓶。